The
belief and language of Oguzs.
Belief in Gök Taòry was dominant amongst Oguzs. The word Gök
refers to a feature of God: ‘the Exalted’. This shows that Oguzs
believed in one God. Their language was Oguzca, the ancient Türkmen
language.
(211.)
Oguz
Homeland
These lands under the rule of Oguz Han were
known as the Oguz Homeland. We have accurate information about this in
the book Hududul-Alem, which was written in the Medieval Period. Ancient sources tell us that
the Oguz Homeland stretched from Altyntepe through Änew, Änew, Nusaý,
Täkgala, the entire Merw, Köneürgenç and Caspian-Belh
region, including Seýhun-Jeýhun from east to west up to the Idil Sea
in the north.
(210-211.)
About
the Oguz civilization
5000
years have passed since the foundation of the first Türkmen state. This
is proved by the arrowheads, arches and other remnants excavated in
Bagabat, Altyndepe, Täkgala, the Ary Region, Margiyana and Köneürgenç,
which have yielded significant information about the Oguz civilization
and state of that period.
(210.)
The
first age of the Türkmen spirit begins from Oguz Han
The
first age of the Türkmen Spirit is the period from BC 5000 to AD 650.
The spiritual leader of the nation in this age was Oguz Han. He worked
as a simple and honest Türkmen. The sacred symbol of the era is the ox.
The ox shapes nature through
its own effort. The ox causes Mother Nature to yield crops. The ox moves
the world and society.
The
route led by Oguz Han is one of justice, lawfulness and propriety, and
its features are enthusiasm, courage, forbearance and endurance.
Only
those who persist will reach their objectives.
Oguz
Han is also symbolized by the bull. It represents the skill, cleverness,
maturity and strength of the Türkmen.
If
Oguz Han leads us to unity, oneness and integrity, then such qualities
as resistance to problems, having willpower, strength and ability to
remain hardworking are essential.
Oguz
Han said:
“The
living need mobility”
And
the dead tranquillity.”
This
idiom shows how hard-working were the Türkmens who were the
contemporaries of Oguz Han.
The
second age of the Türkmen spirit begins around AD 650. This was an era
when the Türkmens spread throughout the world.
This
age caused the spiritual strength displayed in difficult conditions by Türkmens
during migrations, and campaigns. The Türkmens were inspired by Oguz
Han’s instruction telling them, “not to remain immobile.”
(289-290.)
The
wolf of Oguz Han
And we know that Oguz
Han was led by the wolf.
(291.)
Many
of the Türkmen Soltans had names given to eagles.
In fact, every grandchild of Oguz Han
had the name of an eagle, for example Gaýa-ºuòkar, Begdili-bähri,
Dodurga-garçgaý, Owºar-laçyn, Çepni-humaý, Salyr-bürgüt, Bükdüz-ütelgi.
(292.)
The
tradition of Oguz Han
The
Independent and Eternally Neutral Türkmen State has displayed great
respect for the Oguz Han traditions and remarkable philanthropic ideas,
and, as such, enhanced these traditions. An honorary title,
“Outstanding Public Figure,” was established. We award honorary
titles to professionals, to people with high ethical standards and to
philanthropists. We encourage others to show more respect to these
people. The new titles are appropriate for farmers, labourers,
musicians, governors and shepherds, but there is only one condition for
receiving the “Outstanding Public Figure” title: that one has good
ethics.
(300.)
The
Oguz River
Amyderýa
was called the Oguz River until the era of Gorkut Ata.
(163.)
The Atabeg showed the skills he taught the Soltan’s son. The Soltan
was pleased and said:
“Go swim through the sea, my son Oguz”
(349.)
Why
did Oguz leave Uzboy?
Because the Oguz river dried up. If there is no water, then there is no
life. The Oguz had to migrate because of drought.
Although
it is centuries since the Jeyhun river changed its bed and left Uzboy,
we still see little ponds here and there. There are wild grasses around
them! Part of the water in those ponds came from the ground and part is
still not salty. One still sees Türkmen villagers in Uzboy who are
engaged in animal
husbandry.
The grass and dried shoots are in fact invaluable for livestock and wild
animals as food during winter. It is also a haven for wild game and
hunting animals!
Water
is scarce in Türkmenistan. Were it possible, we would re-vitalize the
Uzboy for the sake of the memory of our ancestors who were not pleased
with the situation of Uzboy in the past.
Wait,
my Uzboy! One day I hope you will recover your former beauty. We have
started building the Türkmen lake here. One day we will transfer its
endless waters to you through refineries and provide you with an
abundant amount of water. The Türkmen nation will follow the path left
by their ancestors and hoist the green flag of life in Uzboy again!
(383-384)
In the old days, the group of
stars known as Taurus (The Oxen) were called the group of Oguz stars. By
the time the group of Oguz stars rose, the Oguz were on the plateaus;
and by the time they sank, the Oguz were in their winter quarters.
(163.)
Before
the war, Oguz han ordered the soldiers to plant a tree.
Oguz
Han wanted every corner of our country to be a rose garden. Before the
war, he ordered the soldiers to plant a tree; he would allow any soldier
who had not planted a tree to go
in his forces to war. In the era of Oguz Han, our ancestors would go to
the district of Bäherden and the region of Durun in summer. These
places were the resting places for our people. It was held as a sin to
cut down the trees in the forests. However, the trees in these forests
have been cut down in the last century to build railways and some
avaricious people have cut down these trees in order to sell the lumber.
(178-179.)
Our nation
knows that our Hans, Gorkut Ata, Mäne Baba, Magtymguly … all had
friends and companions.
(197.)
Our
way is the way of the Oguz Han, his prophet-like way!
We
established the Türkmen people’s state by building the throne in the
homeland of the Türkmens, who have spread through the world. Our way is
the way of ancient Türkmens! Our way is the way of the Oguz Han, his
prophet-like way!
(59.)
Oguz
Han illuminated the path of the Oguz people, our ancestors, for
thousands of years.
Another
advice our forefather Oguz Han left for us was to assume a task
according to who you are! Big tasks for big people,
small tasks for small. If you are the husband of your household, your
duty is to protect your family; if you are the chief steward of your
tribe, your duty is to govern your tribe; if you are the ruler, your
duty is to govern your land; if you are the leader your duty is to
govern the whole homeland!
(100-101.)
The
directions of Oguz Han have remained in the memory of the people as the
way of Oguz Han.
(164.)
The
rein of Oguz Han was a gold age.
His ideas and opinions were not
limited to one country and land, but were so great as to contain all the
earth. He was such a great man, whose opinions illuminated all the
nations of the world.
A
new nation was born with Oguz Han and the fortune of the Türkmen nation
was exalted with him.
Our
ancestors said, “It is not only the reader who benefits from the
reading; the listeners also get the benefit.” It was Oguz Han’s
eminence and humanity which led him to adopt the sons of war martyrs as
his own sons.
The
Hans who came after Oguz Han also followed his path.
Our
path is such a great path. On this great path, our duty is to accomplish
great things, my dear nation.
(103.)
Erkil
hoja and Gün han
After
Oguz Han’s death, as he had requested, his son, Gün Han, ascended to
the throne. Oguz Han’s vizier, Erkil Hoja, became the vizier and
advisor of Gün Han. One day Erkil Hoja said to Gün Han, “Oguz Han
was a great ruler. He conquered all the lands on earth. He had countless
treasure and property. He died leaving all those to us. According to the
will of Allah, each of you has had four sons. May God protect your sons
from conflict over the throne. It is only by assigning a name and a
symbol to each tribe and group that unity and peace can be preserved in
our homeland. They shall each define their own treasure, lands, domestic
administration, cattle with their own signs and official seals. Then
none shall complain of another. All shall know their way and symbols,
and this is the basis of the perpetuity of the state.”
Gün
Han accepted the truth of these words and Erkil Hoja continues as Gün
Han’s advisor and vizier. After this event, the titles of Bozok and
Üçok were given to the six sons. The tribes of the left and the right
were named with different names, and they were each given a different
reputation, seal and sign. A specific animal’s name was given to each
of the 24 grandchildren as a title. According to this tradition, no
tribe kills the animal which represents their tribe’s name; neither do
they eat its meat, because this animal bears their sign and name.
Erkil
Hoja in order to prevent conflict among different tribes during meals
given on specific occasions defined the share of each tribe beforehand
and distributed each tribe’s meat before they started eating. In this
way the names of the 24 grandchildren of Oguz Han came out of this
sharing. These names later became their official names.
(104.)
Your
origin lies in Oguz Han.
Your
origin lies in Oguz Han. Twenty-four tribes, forty families constitute
the essence of the Türkmen nation. In the course of history, some of
these tribes have dispersed across the world and preserved their
national self-awareness by means of forming new groups.
(151.)
I
say that the ancestor of the Türkmen nation is Oguz Han
I
say that the ancestor of the Türkmen nation is Oguz Han because, when
Oguz Han is spoken of, the first things that come to mind are belief in
one God, spirit and moral values. Furthermore, I want to emphasize an
important point here: the main underlying reasons for the successes,
campaigns, and developments of the five thousand year history of the Türkmen
nation, founded by Oguz Han, are belief, spirit and moral values. Belief
in only one God provided the Türkmen nation with the power to explain
all the forces of mind, reason, and heart inherent in its very nature.
(161.)
Oguz
alphabet
Among
the first things that Oguz Han implemented were the use of the national
Oguz alphabet and the wagon for during military campaigns. These were
fundamental to other inventions which would contribute to various
developments at a world level.
(162.)
Two
brothers make the two hands of the same body.
One hand washes the other
hand, but two hands together can wash the face.
Our
father Oguz Han told his elder sons that they were the bow and told the
younger ones that they were the arrow, and they had to go where the bow
sent them.
A
brother and his elder brother should pay respect to one another.
When
the Türkmen wishes to speak well of someone, he says, “May your
brother be your friend, and your friend your brother.” The friend and
the brother are the same in rank.
Oguz han atamyz uly ogullaryna «Siz ýaýsyòyz!» kiçi ogullaryna «Siz
oksuòyz! Siz ýaýyò atan tarapyna gitmelisiòiz» diýendir.
Ini agasyny hormatlamaly, aga inisini.
(358.)
Oguz
Han divided the people into three groups.
In
accordance with the order of Oguz Han, they then divided the people into
three groups. Their duties were to be divided in this way: it was to be
the duty of scholars and learned people to collect taxes and flocks of
sheep. The duties of budgeting, governing expenditure, the vizierate,
and the chief stewardship belonged to the same group.
Those who were brave and stout-hearted were to be assigned
leadership roles. Those who were agile and nimble were trained to use
the lasso.
Those who were uneducated and ignorant were to be given sticks to
be shepherds of camels, cattle, and sheep.
(87.)
Oguz
Han, the ruler of great lands, conquered them with words inspired by
Allah rather than with his sword.
He requested that we should be
merciful and compassionate:
-
If I am asked, I have never said no. I always give what I am asked.
-
I waited for the end of good and bad, and I reached my goal.
-
I explained all my wishes to my people and I convinced them.
-
Without a sword, I govern the people with good words.
-
I govern with justice and have organized my own state.
-
I never oppressed people, never attempted to kill innocents; I was always patient
even though
I had been oppressed.
-
He who follows the path of truth, never finds evil.
-
If your nation does not appreciate your way, you will never see good.
- He who oppresses his own subordinates, he will prepare
his own grave.
- He who oppresses his own subordinates is doing what his
enemies want. His enemies will be
happy about this.
-
A way other than justice never suits a ruler.
In
the age when the Egyptian pharaohs declared themselves the sons of God,
Oguz Han came into this world. After
he had grown into an adult and a brave man, he trained his own people to
be the same. Finally he taught all the other peoples of world in the
same manner.
(93.)
Ryza
Nur:
"Oguz Han is the national prophet of the Türkmens."
The
famous historian Riza Nur writes as follows on Oguz Han, the origin of
the Türkmen: “Oguz Han is the national prophet of the Türkmens. But
his name is not among the names of the prophets. He is indicated only by
the word Torg in the old Hebrew books like the Torah.” In another of
his books, “General Turkish History”, written at the beginning of
the 20th century, Riza Nur writes as follows:
“...It
was Oguz Han who named the five Turkish tribes as the masters of the
earth. He reigned for 116 years. However this
116 years should be understood in the old Türkmen calendar.”
(92.)
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