believed that anyone who shed blood unjustly, distanced himself from Allah.

The last words of the old vizier were the best proof of this general attitude of Türkmen Soltans. In Türkmen Soltanates, and Khanates, the mothers and wives of the princes were shown great respect. They were called Tarhan (Terken, Türkan) Hatyn… The wife and mother of the Soltan was respected as the mother of the entire Sultanate, though the Türkmen Soltans tried to restrain the interference of their mothers and wives in state affairs. Türkmens say: “Both the throne and fortune of the woman is her fireplace.” Türkan Hatyn, the widowed mother of Köneürgenç Soltan Alaeddin Muhammet, violated this sound principle. Türkan Hatyn gained an equal say with her son in ruling the country. The begs and religious savants did not endorse her behavior. In the end, this great state could not resist the invasion of Jengiz Han and collapsed.

Gaznaly Türkmen STATE

The founder of the Gaznaly State was the Khorasan governor, Alp Tegin, from the Gaý (Kayi) tribe of Oguzs, who had earlier served the Samanids. He came to the city of Gazna in 962 and took it under his rule. The state took its name from this city. Although the territories of the state were extended by Sebük Tegin, the most splendid period of the state had been during the rule of Soltan Mahmyt.

In a short period, Gaznaly Soltan Mahmyt, having gained the support of the Oguz tribes, became a great power and endeavoured to spread Islam in the neighboring countries. His