through the gates of Anatolia gathered under Gutylmyşogly Süleýman Şah. Gutylmyşogly Süleýman conquered Konya and, moving ahead, captured Iznik. He made Iznik his capital. Later, Süleýman Şah conquered Tarsus, Adana, Mersin and Malatya and, by 1085, Antakya.

Gylyç Arslan became the second Soltan of the Anatolian Seljuk State. He is famous for his great contribution to the settlement of Türkmens in Anatolia, the expansion of Islam and the unification and strengthening of the Türkmen begs.

Syrian SELJUK TÜRKMEN STATE

Tutus, the son of Soltan Alp Arslan was appointed to Damascus as Melik. The semi-autonomous Syrian Seljuks were dependent on the Great Seljuk State. After the death of MälikŞah, the brother of Tutuş, they became fully independent. On Tutuş’s death in 1095, his two sons became Melik (ruler), Ridvan of Halep and Dukak of Sham. However, their reigns did not last long. While Artygyogullari took Ilgazi, Böriogulari (Sham Atabegs) captured Sham. The Syrian Seljuks ended de facto by 1117.

Sham became developed greatly as a centre and, with the settlement of Türkmens, contributed to the progress of civilization.

ARTYKOGULLARI TÜRKMEN STATE

The most famous ruler of Artykogullari was the Seljuk Emir, Artyk Beg. Artyk Beg went on the Caucasus Campaign